Cibos steam
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Low-pressure heating steam, which enters the horizontal vessel through a Sparge Pipe in the bottom of the vessel, is provided to keep the stored boiler feedwater warm. The deaerated water flows down into the horizontal storage vessel from where it is pumped to the steam generating boiler system. The vent line usually includes a valve and just enough steam is allowed to escape with the vented gases to provide a small visible telltale plume of steam. Some designs may include a vent condenser to trap and recover any water entrained in the vented gas. Should the boiler not have an oxygen-content analyser, a high level in the boiler chlorides may indicate the vent valve not being far enough open. This vent valve should not be opened sufficiently the deaerator will not work properly, causing high oxygen content in the feed water going to the boilers. The steam strips the dissolved gas from the boiler feedwater and exits via the vent valve at the top of the domed section. Some designs use various types of packed beds, rather than perforated trays, to provide good contact and mixing between the steam and the boiler feed water. Combined action of spray valves & trays guarantees very high performance because of longer contact time between steam and water. Low-pressure deaeration steam enters below the perforated trays and flows upward through the perforations. Boiler feedwater enters the vertical deaeration section through spray valves above the perforated trays and then flows downward through the perforations.
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The typical spray & tray-type deaerator in Figure 1 has a vertical domed deaeration section mounted above a horizontal boiler feedwater storage vessel. There are many different deaerators available from a number of manufacturers, and the actual construction details will vary from one manufacturer to another.įigures 1 and 2 are representative schematic diagrams that depict each of the two major types of deaerators.įigure 1: A schematic diagram of a typical tray-type deaerator.
![cibos steam cibos steam](https://m.gjcdn.net/content/750/2039958-dzmfmzkh-v4.jpg)
However, the steam generators in many large industrial facilities such as petroleum refineries may use whatever low-pressure steam is available. The deaerators in the steam generating systems of most thermal power plants use low pressure steam obtained from an extraction point in their steam turbine system. Most deaerators are designed to remove oxygen down to levels of 7 ppb by weight or less, as well as essentially eliminating carbon dioxide. Dissolved carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid that may cause further corrosion. Dissolved oxygen in feedwater will cause serious corrosion damage in a boiler by attaching to the walls of metal piping and other equipment and forming oxides (like rust). Thermal deaerators are commonly used to remove dissolved gases in feedwater for steam-generating boilers.
![cibos steam cibos steam](http://www.graal.fr/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/TEST-CIBOS-%E2%80%93-version-pour-Steam.jpg)
Two sister ships Olympic and Titanic (1912) had contact feed heaters on board. Before 1881, feed water heaters were used for marine applications.